Table of Content

25 August 2024, Volume 44 Issue 4

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Study of Development and Current Status of Quantum References for Voltage

ZHANG Jinkai, JIANG Zhu, HU Jiaxin, WANG Bing

2024, 44(4):  1-10.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.01

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Centered on a discussion of the development of voltage quantum references and their current status,the Josephson effect，the resulting principles of Josephson junctions and Josephson junction arrays are expounded.The transition from traditional Josephson voltage references to programmable Josephson voltage references as the demand for measurements expands from DC to AC are described.The development history,research results,and applications of two important electrical metrology topics,namely,programmable voltage standards are focused on,based on binary division arrays and pulsedriven arrays,which are at the forefront of current research.Finally,the development of voltage quantum reference over the years is summarized and its future development direction is envisioned.

In-Place Calibration for Coupling Error of Six-axis Dynamometer Based on Fiber Bragg Grating

CHEN Fayin, XI Yonghui

2024, 44(4):  11-16.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.02

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Different from strain gauge dynamometers,six-axis dynamometer based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) adopts the structural force measurement principle,and one of its main performance parameters is the coupling error.Due to the limitation of its application scenario,in-place calibration is usually performed.The sensing structure and principle of the FBG six-axis dynamometer are analyzed,and an in-place calibration device without a standard force source is proposed according to the coupling error model.An in-place calibration method based on a robot arm for coupling error is also established,in which the calibration process is simplified and the source of uncertainty is reduced.The uncertainty of calibration results is analyzed with a practical example,and the effectiveness of the method is verified.

Research on Pressure Sensors Temperature-response Characteristics Calibration Device

GAO Bingtao, SUN Haitao, HUO Ruidong, GUO Yimeng, WANG Xiaosan, HUANG Qigang

2024, 44(4):  17-22.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.03

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In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data,it is necessary to calibrate the temperature-response characteristics parameters of the pressure sensor under high and low temperature environment.The temperature-response characteristics calibration device for the pressure sensors is developed by designing systems such as the standard pressure sources,the temperature isolation units,and the multi-point temperature measurement calibration chambers.The calibration of the pressure sensors，within the pressure range of absolute pressure 2~500 kPa and under the ambient temperature conditions of -50 ℃~100 ℃，is realized.The measurement uncertainty of the calibration device is better than 0.05% (k=2),laying the foundation for conducting research on the temperature response characteristics of pressure sensors.

Research on Calibration Method of Screen-type Side Projection Optical Target Simulation System

SU Xiaoting, LI Qi, CHEN Zhao, ZHU Feiyue, WANG Chaofeng, YANG Yang

2024, 44(4):  23-29.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.04

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Aiming at the calibration problem of the side projected simulator without entity datum,a method with base lines from a laser level meter is proposed,and the main factors affecting the accuracy of the line of sight (LOS) angle are analyzed.For the two main error sources of laser baseline error correction and screen flatness,an analysis model of the LOS angle is established.The absolute error of calibrated LOS angle is from 0.008 5 to 0.042 4 degrees (azimuth) and 0.003 to 0.120 degrees (pitch),which can meet the demand of HWIL(Hard Ware-In-Loop） simulation.

Research on Beam Width Calibration Method of Microwave Landing Simulator

XU Tao, GAO Ran

2024, 44(4):  30-34.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.05

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The beam width is an important parameter of the MLS (Microwave Landing Simulator),and it is essential to regularly calibrate this parameter.The calibration method for this parameter output by the MLS is studied,focusing on the extraction and calculation of the signal.Firstly,the microwave signal output by the MLS is collected and processed to obtain the raw data related to the relative position and angle between the simulated aircraft and the landing equipment.The raw data is then processed and calculated.Secondly,for the beam width parameter,the extraction of the pulse 3 dB points of the forward scan beam and the return scan beam is implemented.Finally,the proposed method is verified through practical applications to assess its effectiveness and reliability in the MLS.The uncertainty analysis of the calibration of the beam width is carried out.The results provide new methods and technical support for the calibration of the beam width parameter in the MLS.

Test and Analysis of Thermal Response Time of Temperature Sensor

LIU Baoju, GUO Yafei, ZHANG Junqi, ZHANG Zhongjie, LV Yueyuan, LIU Lin, CHEN Yiqing

2024, 44(4):  35-39.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.06

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Most of the domestic thermal response time tests for temperature sensors are conducted in 90 ℃ silicone oil by oil bath method,and the test method is single without considering the relationship between the actual use environment of temperature sensors and the test environment,and the test method is manual test with low efficiency and poor reproducibility.To solve this problem,an automatic test device for thermal response time of temperature sensor is designed based on Labview software.The thermal response time of PT100 platinum resistor,PT1000 platinum resistor and thermistor temperature sensor is tested,and the influence of different packaging and heating methods on the thermal response time of temperature sensor is analyzed.It is proved that different packaging methods and heating methods have great influence on the thermal response time test.The test device studied can be applied to the response time measurement of all types of temperature sensors.

Research on Measurement Method for Spectral Emissivity and Hemispherical Emissivity of Infrared Materials

WANG Ruiqin, HAN Ying, GAO Yuan

2024, 44(4):  40-43.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.07

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In response to the demand for accurate measurement of surface emissivity of infrared materials,the directional spectral emissivity and hemispherical total emissivity of the sample materials were measured using a spectral equipment with integrating sphere attachment and a emissometer at room temperature in the laboratory,and the results were converted.Through the study of the two measurement methods,it is shown that the spectral emissivity of infrared materials is consistent with the hemispherical total emissivity,which verifies the effectiveness of the two measurement methods and provides a reference for the measurement of surface emissivity parameters of infrared materials.

Method Research in Stitching Linear-scan for Roundness Error of Small Cylinders

DING Guo, GUO Sheng, ZHU Jinghua, LI Peng, WANG Qian

2024, 44(4):  44-50.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.08

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A new method for roundness measurement of small cylinders is presented instead of the conventional rotary-scan method. By the new method,which is referred to as the stitching linear-scan method,roundness measurement of a small/micro cylinder by stitching a series of arc profiles is realized,adopting stitching in both the radial and the circumference directions at different angular positions linearly scanned by a surface form profiler,without alignment of the cylinder and a rotational datum. Description of the principle is proposed in the new method,by which a roundness measuring machine is constructed. Experiments and uncertainty analysis are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method,and the results between traditional roundness measuring machine and new machine are compared as well.

Research on Test System of Dew Point Sensor Response Time

LI Chenyuan, ZHAO Huaye, WANG Yong, YU Zhen, LIU Baoju, ZHANG Junqi, LIU Lin, CHEN Yiqing

2024, 44(4):  51-56.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.09

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The role and significance of the current dew-point sensor response time characteristic measurement in the field of system testing of large equipment in China is discussed,the current research status of calibration of gas dew point temperature response time measurement in China is introduced,and a gas dew point temperature response time measurement system is designed.The system has the advantages of high measurement accuracy,wide range of step control and convenient operation,which provides technical support for solving the difficult problem of high precision measurement of gas dew point temperature response time.The device is used to test the response time characteristics of quartz resonant dew point sensor and alumina dew point sensor respectively.The research results provide guidance for the future research and improvement of the response time characteristics of humidity sensor elements.

Research on Straightness Measurement of Guide Rails Based on Laser PSD

JIN Lu, QIAN Chen, WU Bo, SHI Zhengbo, SUN Xuning, XU Yunliang, WANG Wei

2024, 44(4):  57-63.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.10

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Aiming at the measurement efficiency issue caused by the limitations of rail structure characteristics,rail length,assembly position,and other conditions in straightness measurement during the assembly of aerospace model rails,a laser PSD（Position Sensitive Detector）based on rail straightness measurement method was studied.An automated measurement system consisting of PSD receiver,distance module,signal processing unit,and motion unit was designed,and the measurement accuracy of the system was verified,using a laser tracker standard.The measurement accuracy is better than ±0.1 mm,and the measurement efficiency is increased by 5 times.After software and hardware compatibility modification,it can also be used for measuring the spatial straightness,width,and other dimensions of various large guide rails.

Output Characteristics of Pendulum Differential Capacitive Tilt Sensor Considering Lateral Edge Effect

ZHOU Jiang, WANG Fuqian

2024, 44(4):  64-71.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.11

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In order to study the output characteristics of a pendulum differential capacitive tilt sensor that takes into account the lateral edge effect of the capacitor plate,the conformal transformation and Green’s function are used to discuss the electric field of the capacitive tilt sensor,and the relationship between its capacitance and angular displacement is obtained.The output characteristics curve of the sensor is plotted using MATLAB,and a quantitative analysis is conducted on the factors that affect the output characteristics of the sensor.The simulation results show that when the width of the moving plate of the sensor is smaller than that of the stationary plate,increasing the width difference between the two plates,moderately increasing the spacing between the plates,and reducing the width of the straight gap of the plates can improve the linearity and sensitivity of the sensor,and its output characteristics.

Fast and High-precision Fusion of Inductosyn Based on Square Wave

LI Taiping, HUANG Wei

2024, 44(4):  72-75.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.12

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According to the fusion principle and accuracy of the coarse and fine channels of the inductosyn,an algorithm is designed and implemented.Using multiple fundamental wave superposition methods,the phase and amplitude of the basis function is automatically calculated in the algorithm.The fusion function is reduced,and the stability and margin of system fusion is improved.Using square wave as the basis,only adders instead of multipliers is used,FPGA applications can be quickly implemented,FPGA on-chip resources can be saved,as well as clock cycles when applied on other MCUs.

Supporting Data Progressing Scheme for Spacecraft Electrical Performance Testing with Multiple Interfaces

YUAN Jinqian, SHANG Shunan, LI Kunze, ZHANG Haocong, GAO Jiahui, LU Juan

2024, 44(4):  76-81.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.13

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In addressing the practical problems currently faced by spacecraft testing a multiple types of data access method is introduced,which is designed to tackle issues such as improving telemetry real-time decoding performance,accessing satellite payload data,processing telemetry for both the primary and secondary satellites,and handling high-speed telemetry processing.The design concept,implementation methods,and application scenarios of the scheme is provided.Through practical applications,it’s verified that through the method，the testing time was effectively reduced,the data interface and the maximum decoding efficiency were expended，and the automation level of satellite testing was enhanced.Scalability,low-coupling,and high-efficiency data processing,which gives the method significant advantages.

Intelligent Target Calibration Device for Armed Helicopter Based on ABE System

BAO Shanying

2024, 44(4):  82-86.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.14

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Referring to HB 6750-93 General Requirements for Calibration and Calibration of Airborne Weapon Fire Control Systems,aiming at the existing issues of calibration process models,such as low applicability,large area occupation,heavy equipment,low efficiency,complex operation and low accuracy,an intelligent on-site calibration system is constructed based on ABE system and intelligent theory,and research on key technologies which including benchmark axis measurement,target screen simulation and weapon axis pointing guidance is carried out,and an intelligent target calibration device for armed helicopters is developed，which can realize lightweight,intelligent,and precise targeting in free scene.

Simulation Software Design of Inertial Navigation System Based on Naval Vessel Motion State

ZHANG Xingfan, WEN Chaojiang

2024, 44(4):  87-91.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.15

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The performance of naval vessel inertial navigation systems,particularly in terms of navigation errors,is intricately linked to vessel motion.To facilitate the examination of how vessel motion influences inertial navigation systems errors,a simulation software is developed,using vessel motion status as input to excite the inertial navigation systems.The simulation system’s structural composition,the architectural principles governing vessel motion status simulation,and the process of converting vessel motion status information into sensitive data for the inertial navigation systems are designed.Additionally,the functional composition and the practical application of the simulation software is elaborated in detail.It shows that,when provided with specific simulation parameters,the navigation parameters and associated errors can be output.Consequently,the developed simulation software holds value for investigating the dynamic performance errors of inertial navigation systems influenced by vessel motion status.

Causes Analysis of Abnormal Action of Lifting Working Device

FAN Yi, CHEN Zhao, SUN Yu, HE Huan

2024, 44(4):  92-96.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.16

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In the space with complex equipment layout,the density of various electro-mechanical products and electronic devices continues to increase,and the coupling effect of various factors such as circuit,magnetic field and mechanical motion should be considered in product design,especially the matching of characteristics between devices should be confirmed.Taking the abnormal action of a lifting device as an example,the mechanism of common frequency interference when the proximity sensor and the stepper motor work together is explained,and the importance of device characteristic matching in the design of electro-mechanical products is expounded.

Remote Sensing Image Classification Based on Deep Convolution Transfer Learning Network Algorithm

WANG Xiaozhuo, WANG Kai, CAO Shu

2024, 44(4):  97-102.  doi:10.12060/j.issn.1000-7202.2024.04.17

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Due to the lack of resampling processing for graphic features,the final classification accuracy and the classification performance are not ideal.To this end,a remote sensing image classification based on deep convolution transfer learning network algorithm is proposed.By dividing the geometric region of the original remote sensing image,extracting the descriptors for the distorted geometric pixel,combining the scale space and pixel registration and the rotation angle of the image is calculated,and the geometric correction of the remote sensing image is completed.The dual stream network architecture is innovatively adopted to splice the channel of pixel frequency bands,combining the interaction results of image consistency joint features,outputting image fusion features,and resampling the features with new pixel value index.The deep convolutional transfer learning network algorithm is used to calculate the probability of the input image in the reference class,so as to realize the remote sensing image classification.The application results of the example show that the designed method has high classification accuracy and better classification performance in remote sensing image classification.